Whether you have type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes, the higher your blood sugar level, the higher your risk of:
1. Gingivitis (Early gum disease). Diabetes reduces your ability to fight bacteria. If you don’t remove plaque with regular brushing and flossing, in time, your gums become swollen and bleed easily. This is gingivitis.
2. Periodontitis (Advanced gum disease). Left untreated, gingivitis can lead to a more serious infection called periodontitis, which destroys the soft tissue and bone that support your teeth.
3. Cavities (Tooth decay). The increased levels of sugar in the blood spill into the saliva providing energy to the bacteria which produce acids. The acids in plaque attack the hard, outer surface of your teeth which can lead to cavities.
4. Dry mouth. The diabetes and drugs taken to control it lead to loss of fluids and a dry mouth. This can cause discomfort and a burning sensation in the mouth.
5. Mouth fungal infections. The reduced levels of saliva combined with the reduced ability to fight infections allows the fungi to establish themselves in the mouth and cause an infection.